Geological Sciences

The Undergraduate Major in Geological Sciences at the University at Buffalo offers students a comprehensive education in the physical, chemical, and biological processes that shape the Earth. This program is designed to provide a strong foundation in geology, mineralogy, petrology, paleontology, and geochemistry, preparing students for diverse careers in environmental consulting, natural resource management, academia, and research. Students will gain hands-on experience through laboratory exercises, fieldwork, and internships, enabling them to apply theoretical knowledge to real-world situations. The curriculum emphasizes critical thinking, problem-solving skills, and an understanding of Earth systems, fostering an appreciation for the planet's dynamic nature and sustainable management. The program also offers opportunities for specialization within areas such as tectonics, mineral deposits, hydrogeology, and climate change. Faculty members are active researchers engaged in cutting-edge studies, providing mentoring and collaborative research opportunities. Graduates of the Geological Sciences program are well-equipped to pursue further education or enter various geology-related professions, making a meaningful impact on society through their expertise in Earth's processes and resources. The program encourages exploration of interdisciplinary approaches, integrating geoscience with chemistry, physics, biology, and environmental science to address complex environmental challenges. With a strong emphasis on both theoretical understanding and practical skills, the University at Buffalo's Geological Sciences major prepares students for a successful career in the geosciences, offering a robust academic environment supported by state-of-the-art facilities and a vibrant academic community.

Upon successful completion of all requirements, the student will have knowledge of:

• Understanding basic scientific principles and concepts, including the importance of geology in society, geologic time, and geologic history, as well as rudiments of mathematics, chemistry, physics and statistics with applications to geology
• Laboratory and field practice in identifying minerals, rocks, soils, structures, stratigraphy and fossils, and using best practices to design and implement tests using modern methods and techniques
• Developing approaches for collection and analysis of information
• Critical thinking, hypothesis formulation and testing; i.e., demonstrating use of the scientific method independently and collaboratively, with hypothesis formulation, testing, analysis, interpretation and evaluation of observations
• Demonstrating skill in scientific communication — oral, written and technological
• Graduates will have the depth of knowledge and skill to interpret and create geologic products

Admission to UB is highly competitive. For the 2016 incoming freshman class, UB reported an average ACT score of 24-30 and an average SAT (CR+M) score of 1100-1300. 90 percent of admitted students are in the top 50 percent of their class.

Admission to UB is based on a holistic review. We consider high school average, class rank, SAT (critical reading and math) or ACT scores, and strength of the high school academic record. A personal essay, recommendations, documented creative talent, demonstrated leadership, community service and special circumstances are also considered.

The following is not required for admission, but is suggested as adequate preparation for university-level coursework:

• Four years of English (with a substantial writing component)
• Four years of social studies
• Three years of college-preparatory science
• Three years of a second language
• Three years of college-preparatory mathematics

UB requires a minimum TOEFL score of 79 (Internet-based) or 550 (paper-based) in order to be considered for admission. Students scoring between 70 and 78 or 523 and 547 on the TOEFL may be admitted to the university on the condition that they register for and successfully complete additional English courses in their first semester.

The Department of Geology has two funds for awards to graduating seniors, one fund that gives a scholarship to a continuing geology student, and another that makes multiple awards to students attending our summer field course (GLY 407). In addition, there is a fund to which student may apply for partial support to attend conferences, workshops and short courses.

The Bachelor of Science degree in Geological Sciences at the University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, provides students with a comprehensive understanding of Earth processes, materials, and history. This program prepares students for careers in natural resource exploration, environmental consulting, geotechnical engineering, and academia. The curriculum combines foundational courses in physics, chemistry, and biology with specialized classes in mineralogy, petrology, structural geology, paleontology, and geophysics. Students gain hands-on experience through laboratory work, field excursions, and research projects, which enhance their practical skills and scientific understanding. The program emphasizes critical thinking, analytical skills, and a strong knowledge of geoscientific principles applicable to real-world challenges such as natural hazards, resource management, and environmental sustainability. Opportunities for internships, cooperative education, and research with faculty members are integral parts of the program, helping students build professional networks and gain valuable work experience. Graduates of the program are well-equipped to pursue advanced studies in geology or related fields, or to enter the workforce in various sectors including environmental consulting firms, government agencies, and energy companies. The department fosters a collaborative learning environment with modern laboratories, computational resources, and field equipment to support student success. Overall, the degree prepares students to contribute to understanding and solving Earth's complex geological issues, aligning academic learning with industry and societal needs.